Popeza achinyamata akuvutika ndi nkhawa yokhudza chisamaliro cha okalamba komanso chidziwitso cha anthu chikuwonjezeka, anthu akhala ndi chidwi ndi makampani osamalira okalamba, ndipo ndalama zambiri zawonjezeka. Zaka zisanu zapitazo, lipoti linaneneratu kuti okalamba ku China azithandiza makampani osamalira okalamba. Msika wa madola triliyoni womwe watsala pang'ono kuphulika. Chisamaliro cha okalamba ndi makampani omwe zinthu sizingakwaniritse zosowa zawo.
Mwayi watsopano.
Mu 2021, msika wa siliva ku China unali pafupifupi ma yuan 10 thililiyoni, ndipo ukupitirira kukula. Kukula kwapakati pachaka kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu okalamba omwe amadya pa munthu aliyense ku China kuli pafupifupi 9.4%, kupitirira kukula kwa mafakitale ambiri. Kutengera ndi zomwe zanenedwazi, pofika chaka cha 2025, kuchuluka kwa anthu okalamba omwe amadya pa munthu aliyense ku China kudzafika pa ma yuan 25,000, ndipo akuyembekezeka kukwera kufika pa ma yuan 39,000 pofika chaka cha 2030.
Malinga ndi deta yochokera ku Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Ukadaulo wa Chidziwitso, msika wamakampani osamalira okalamba m'nyumba udzapitirira 20 thililiyoni yuan pofika chaka cha 2030. Tsogolo la makampani osamalira okalamba ku China lili ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu cha chitukuko.
Kusintha kwamakono
1. Kukweza njira zazikulu.
Ponena za kapangidwe ka chitukuko, cholinga chiyenera kusintha kuchoka pa kulimbikitsa makampani osamalira okalamba kupita ku kulimbikitsa makampani osamalira okalamba. Ponena za chitsimikizo cha cholinga, chiyenera kusintha kuchoka pakupereka chithandizo kwa okalamba okha omwe alibe ndalama, chithandizo, komanso ana, kupita ku kupereka chithandizo kwa okalamba onse m'dera. Ponena za chisamaliro cha okalamba m'mabungwe, cholinga chiyenera kusintha kuchoka pa mabungwe osachita phindu osamalira okalamba kupita ku chitsanzo chomwe mabungwe osachita phindu ndi osachita phindu osamalira okalamba amakhala pamodzi. Ponena za kupereka chithandizo, njira iyenera kusintha kuchoka pakupereka chithandizo chachindunji cha boma kupita ku kugula chithandizo cha okalamba m'maboma.
2. Kumasulira kwake kuli motere
Zitsanzo za chisamaliro cha okalamba m'dziko lathu ndi zosasangalatsa. M'madera a m'mizinda, mabungwe osamalira okalamba nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nyumba zosamalira okalamba, nyumba zosamalira okalamba, malo osamalira okalamba, ndi nyumba zogona okalamba. Ntchito zosamalira okalamba m'madera ambiri zimakhala ndi malo osamalira okalamba, mayunivesite okalamba, ndi makalabu okalamba. Zitsanzo za ntchito zosamalira okalamba zomwe zilipo pano zitha kuganiziridwa kokha pachiyambi cha chitukuko. Pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zachitika m'maiko otukuka akumadzulo, chitukuko chake chidzawongolera, kupatsa akatswiri, kulinganiza, kusintha, ndi kukonza magwiridwe antchito ndi mitundu ya ntchito.
Zakutsogolo Zamsika
Malinga ndi zomwe zanenedwa ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo bungwe la United Nations, bungwe la National Population and Family Planning Commission, National Committee on Aging, ndi akatswiri ena, akuti chiwerengero cha okalamba ku China chidzawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 10 miliyoni pachaka kuyambira 2015 mpaka 2035. Pakadali pano, chiwerengero cha okalamba omwe ali ndi mabanja opanda anthu m'mizinda chafika pa 70%. Kuyambira 2015 mpaka 2035, China idzayamba kukalamba mofulumira, ndipo chiwerengero cha anthu azaka 60 ndi kupitirira apo chidzakwera kuchoka pa 214 miliyoni kufika pa 418 miliyoni, zomwe zikutanthauza 29% ya chiwerengero chonse cha anthu.
Kukalamba kwa China kukuchulukirachulukira, ndipo kusowa kwa zinthu zothandizira okalamba kwakhala nkhani yaikulu kwambiri pagulu. China yalowa mu gawo la kukalamba mofulumira. Komabe, chochitika chilichonse chili ndi mbali ziwiri. Kumbali imodzi, kukalamba kwa anthu kudzabweretsa mavuto ku chitukuko cha dziko. Koma kuchokera kumbali ina, ndi vuto komanso mwayi. Kuchuluka kwa okalamba kudzatsogolera chitukuko cha msika wosamalira okalamba.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-29-2023
